To exchange the information and update the advanced technology in rabbits, the first international meeting on rabbit biotechnology was held in Tsukuba, Japan, in 2005 and followed by the second meeting in Jouy en Josas (near Paris) in 2007. The authors strongly feel that the time has come to compile a contemporary professional book, which aims at confronting the different sophisticated approaches developed independently in different academic and industrial laboratories as well as in some companies in the world.