A guide for advanced-level students and researchers/practitioners entering this new field. This text bridges the gap between a course in cryptography, and being able to read the cryptanalytic literature. Algebraic Cryptanalysis also covers several chapters on finite field linear algebra and the equicomplexity of matrix operations. This volume introduces several techniques, including linear systems of equations over finite fields, polynomial systems, along with how to adapt the latter to be solved by SAT-solvers.