Can Kant really maintain the difference between a priori and innate? Can he deduce, rather than impose, the categories, or justify the necessity of nature? Recent research into brain development aggravates these suspicions, which measure transcendental idealism against the thesis of a biological origin for cognitive processes. Catherine Malabou lays out Kant's response to his posterity. True to its subject, the book evolves as an epigenesis the differentiated growth of the embryo D for, as those who know how to read critical philosophy affirm, this is the very life of the transcendental and contains the promise of its transformation.