The Semitic Languages presents a comprehensive survey of the individual languages and language clusters within this language family, from their origins in antiquity to their present-day forms. This second edition has been fully revised, with new chapters and a wealth of additional material. New features include: new introductory chapters on Proto-Semitic grammar and Semitic linguistic typology; an additional chapter on the place of Semitic as a subgroup of Afroasiatic, and several chapters on modern forms of Arabic, Aramaic, and Ethiopian Semitic; text samples of each individual language, transcribed into the International Phonetic Alphabet, with standard linguistic word-by-word glossing as well as translation; new maps and tables present information visually for easy reference.