This much-revised second edition contains over 50% brand-new contributions from interntional experts. New or updated topics include: nano-photonics and plasmonics, optical interconnects, photonic crystals, use of nano-optics in the life science, 2D materials such as graphene or holy fibers, solar energy, high efficiency LED's and use in illumination, orbital angular momentum, quantum optics and quantum Information, metamaterials and transformation optics, high power fiber lasers and UV fiber lasers, random lasers, bio-imaging.