This book pays full attention to the historical and literary setting of medio-translatology, to its core concept as well as to its practice and theory, developed prominently by Xie Tianzhen since the 1980s. Medio-translatology, inspired by scholarship in comparative literature and the "cultural turn" in Western translation studies, has tackled many issues which previously went unnoticed or were ignored in traditional translation studies in China, and it falls within the scope of literary studies and cultural studies by extending beyond the confines of language and treating literary translations and translating as historical facts.