This comprehensive and engaging text, now in an expanded second edition, is meant for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and covers the fundamental relationships between the structure and properties of materials and biological tissues. The successful integration of material and biological properties, shape, and architecture to engineer a wide range of optimized designs for specific functions is the ultimate aim of a biomaterials scientist. Relevant examples illustrate the intrinsic and tailored properties of metallic, ceramic, polymeric, carbon-derived, naturally-derived, and composite biomaterials. Information about translation of biomaterials to clinical medical devices is included.