At the end of the 19th century, Japanese modernizers abandoned the traditional Chinese-style medicine that had dominated for centuries, and turned instead to Western medical theory and practice. In this book, Ellen Gardner Nakamura reconsiders the story of the adoption of Western medicine through the eyes of six medical practitioners. From the Contents: 1. Kusumoto Ine (1827-1903): From Obstetrician to Midwife; 2. Mise Shuzo (1839-1877): The Translator who knew too much; 3. Ishii Nobuyoshi (1840-1882): Civilized Gentleman; 4. Sagara Chian (1836-1906): From Bureaucrat to Fortune-Teller; 5. Asai Kokkan (1848-1903): In Defence of Chinese-style Medicine; 6. Seki Kansai (1830-1912): The Last Dutch-style Doctor.