In this book, scholars analyse the ways in which Sufism and Zen were introduced to and developed in the West. The collection shows that the popularity of these religions arose not because of the substantive shared elements within the two traditions, but because their promoters in the West employed similar strategies to respond to the interests of a modern, Western audience. From the Contents: 5. Oneness and Separation in Japanese Buddhist Sensibility: Suzuki Daisetsu's Presentation of the Myokonin; 9. Zen for the Elite, Buddhism for the Masses: Religious and Spiritual Circulation between Japan and the West.