This book examines the balancing problems in the governance of artificial intelligence (AI). AI is transforming the world at an unprecedented pace, which is revolutionary and presents significant challenges. Nevertheless, AI's complex balance dilemma necessitates careful governance as it transforms businesses, economies, and society. Fundamental issues discussed in this book include the complexities of AI's dual nature, the challenges of aligning memorizing with thinking, and the trade-offs between opportunity seeking and risk aversion.