Chapters provide insights into women's experiences in criminal activities that are fueled and enabled by armed conflict, including natural resource extraction, human trafficking, smuggling, kidnapping for ransom, and the drug trade. To illustrate the phenomenon discussed, the book explores detailed case studies, such as the activities of the Somali militant group al-Shabaab and the Islamic State's sex slave trade. The book makes a vital contribution to scholarship on women's economic participation in conflict, revealing how gender norms impact on and shape war economies.