This book uses multiple data sources to comprehensively examine issues related to small and medium enterprise (SME) finance in Japan. The book shows, for the first time in Japan, the extent of concentration at the prefecture level in both loan and deposit markets over a 15-year period. It also shows for the first time not only in Japan but also in other countries an indicator of the flow of funds between regions via loans and deposits, providing new insights into the role of regional fund allocation.